Describe the shift in land ownership that occurred in China following the fall of the Han Dynasty and explain its impact on the rural population.

Following the fall of the Han Dynasty, aristocratic landowning families expanded their control over vast estates. This led to many peasants becoming tenant farmers or dependent peasants, deepening social inequalities and limiting economic mobility for the rural population.

How did the introduction of fast-ripening rice from Vietnam impact China's agricultural production and population growth during the Song Dynasty?

The introduction of fast-ripening rice allowed farmers to cultivate two rice crops per year instead of one, significantly increasing rice production. This boosted the food supply, which in turn supported significant population growth during the Tang and Song dynasties.

Explain the significance of the equal field system implemented during the Sui and early Tang dynasties. What were its goals, and why did it eventually decline?

The equal field system aimed to distribute land to farmers to secure taxation and labor obligations. It declined due to the concentration of land among large landowners, particularly after the An Lushan Rebellion.

What was the 'two-tax system' introduced in 780 under Emperor Dezong, and how did it differ from the equal field system?

The two-tax system shifted taxation from household registration to land and wealth assessments. Unlike the equal field system, it did not involve the redistribution of land but focused on taxing existing land ownership and wealth.

Describe Wang Anshi's 'Green Sprouts' policy during the Northern Song period and explain its intended purpose.

The Green Sprouts policy aimed to provide low-interest loans to farmers, reducing their reliance on landlords and money lenders. It was part of broader state-led economic and administrative reforms.

China's Global Impact Lesson Plan for Grade 12th Grade

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Learning Objective

I can evaluate the interconnectedness of geography, religion, achievements, politics, economics, and social structures in shaping China's global impact.

1
The Sui and Tang dynasties reinforced strong centralized rule, while the Song Dynasty shifted toward a more refined bureaucratic system.
2
The equal field system was implemented to distribute land to farmers, but by the Song Dynasty, land ownership became concentrated among large landowners, leading many farmers to become tenant farmers.
3
During the Song Dynasty, China introduced a new variety of fast-ripening rice from Vietnam, which allowed farmers to cultivate two rice crops per year, significantly increasing rice production.

China's Global Impact

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