Define the term 'gene' and explain its function.

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building proteins. These proteins carry out various functions in the body, determining traits.

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous alleles?

Homozygous alleles are identical copies of a gene, while heterozygous alleles are different versions of a gene.

Explain the concept of dominant and recessive alleles. How do they determine the expressed trait in a heterozygous individual?

A dominant allele masks the expression of a recessive allele when both are present in a heterozygous individual. The dominant allele determines the trait that is expressed.

If a person is heterozygous for a trait with 'T' being the dominant allele and 't' being the recessive allele, what is their genotype and phenotype?

Genotype: Tt, Phenotype: The trait associated with the 'T' allele.

Eye color is determined by multiple genes, with brown being dominant over blue. Could two brown-eyed parents have a blue-eyed child? Explain.

Yes, if both parents are heterozygous for the eye color gene (Bb), they can each pass on a recessive blue-eyed allele (b) to their child, resulting in a blue-eyed child (bb).

Genes and Inherited Traits

Name: Genes and Inherited Traits
Author: Insta~Lesson

10th Grade · Science · 45 min

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Learning Objective

I can explain how genes are responsible for inherited traits.

1
Genes are segments of DNA that provide instructions for building proteins.
2
Individuals inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent.
3
Different versions of a gene are called alleles; if the alleles are different, the individual is heterozygous.

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Genes and Inherited Traits

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