Making Proteins from DNA

I can describe the steps of protein synthesis, including transcription and translation. I can write an mRNA transcript from a DNA template. I can determine the amino acid sequence from an mRNA transcript.

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1. 1

   The first step of protein synthesis is transcription, which occurs in the nucleus and involves making a copy of a section of DNA.

2. 2

   During transcription, RNA polymerase unzips the DNA and matches RNA nucleotides to the DNA template, replacing thymine with uracil in the mRNA strand.

3. 3

   The second step of protein synthesis is translation, which occurs in the cytoplasm and involves ribosomes reading mRNA codons to add the correct amino acid using tRNA.

“Given the following DNA template strand: TAC GCT TCC ATT, transcribe the corresponding mRNA sequence and then determine the amino acid sequence using the standard codon table. Show all steps.”

Sample answer included in the free materials